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The Chinese government&#8217;s export controls on rare earths will come into effect on October 1, 2024.

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Rohstoffe

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Übersicht unseres Rohstoff-Angebots

Overview of our raw material offerings - Noble BC

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FACTSHEET

Gallium

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Facts about Gallium

Gallium is a silvery-white, easily liquefiable metal. It already melts at 29.8 degrees Celsius and only boils at 2403 degrees Celsius, giving it the widest liquid range of all metals. This property ensures an ever-expanding range of applications and makes it difficult, if not impossible, to substitute. In nature, gallium occurs only in small quantities, mainly found as an impurity in aluminum, zinc, or germanium ores.
Gallium serves as the foundation for many revolutionary technological developments today. Researchers have optimized the production of &ldquo;green&rdquo; hydrogen from gallium and aluminum and developed new gallium-based super solar cells with almost 50 percent efficiency. Gallium is also used in high-frequency components, power amplifiers for 5G or 6G mobile networks, as well as solid oxide fuel cells. With such research findings, Gallium will become indispensable for Industry 4.0, and some even refer to it as the &ldquo;new oil.&rdquo;

Already Indispensable Today

<ul>
<li>Integrated circuits</li>
<li>LEDs</li>
<li>Alloys, batteries, magnets</li>
<li>Solar technology</li>
<li>&ldquo;Green&rdquo; hydrogen</li>
<li>Computer cooling systems</li>
</ul>

Main Applications

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As a coolant, water filter, and agent for generating &ldquo;green&rdquo; hydrogen, gallium is a metal with a future. It&rsquo;s no wonder that prices skyrocketed due to temporary supply interruptions. Recently, import has become possible again. Temporary dips in the price curve, such as the one caused by the lifting of the Chinese export ban, present excellent buying opportunities for the next 8 to 10 years.

Price Development

Have you heard about nanorobots made from gallium-containing "memory foam"?

Gallium - Noble BC

Metalle

Indium

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Facts about Indium

Indium occurs in the Earth&rsquo;s crust approximately as often as silver and possesses a unique physical property. We have all used it: as a thin layer applied to glass, indium conducts electricity while remaining virtually invisible. This principle is used, among other things, in touchscreens.
The largest deposits of indium are found in zinc ores. However, there are currently no reliable studies on the theoretical reserves. In 2009, they were estimated by the U.S. Geological Survey to be 16,000 tons. The same study projected that indium should have been depleted by the year 2013, which did not happen, but the technology metal remains scarce. The limited extent of reserves makes it particularly interesting since prices could react significantly to increasing scarcity.

One of the Most Significant Metals of Our Time

<ul>
<li class="p1">Flat-panel displays</li>
<li class="p1">Alloys and solders</li>
<li class="p1">Photovoltaics</li>
<li class="p1">Thermal conductive materials</li>
<li class="p1">Batteries</li>
<li class="p1">Semiconductors</li>
</ul>

Indium Legierung

Supply chains are recovering, and there is an increase in high-tech electronics available for purchase. Indium is also part of this trend: as a component of mobile phones and flat-panel displays, it holds long-term investment potential. Occasional drops in the price curve indicate excellent buying opportunities for the next 8 to 10 years.

Price Development 

Did you know that indium can provide clean drinking water in many parts of the world?

Indium - Noble BC

Rhenium

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Facts about Rhenium

With a melting point of 3,182 degrees Celsius, rhenium is used in lightweight, dimensionally stable alloys by the aircraft industry. As the aviation industry recovers after the COVID-19 period, an increasing demand is expected. Additionally, rhenium is required for gas liquefaction turbines, which is currently a rapidly growing industry.
Estimated worldwide rhenium reserves are about 2,400 tons. According to these estimates, the technology metal is rarer in the Earth&rsquo;s crust than gold, and this is despite the increased demand. Moreover, rhenium is obtained from copper mines, which are finite, and their yield is gradually being depleted.

Shortage of Copper Ores Makes Rhenium Rare

<ul>
<li>Gas liquefaction</li>
<li>Engines/Turbines</li>
<li>Catalysts</li>
<li>Medical applications</li>
<li>Aerospace</li>
</ul>

Rhenium is one of the rarest technology metals found in the Earth&rsquo;s crust. For this reason alone, price fluctuations provide a good opportunity for purchasing. The recovering aerospace industry offers promising prospects for this metal, along with its increasing use in liquid natural gas turbines and medical applications.

You guessed it&hellip;

Which metal can turn plastic waste into environmentally friendly fuel?

Rhenium - Noble BC

Germanium

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Facts about Germanium

The most well-known application of germanium is in optical fiber cables, as it carries our internet. Additionally, this technology metal possesses special optical properties, making it suitable for night vision devices, infrared cameras, and telescopic sights. The combination of these applications is driving the growth market for autonomous vehicles.
The production of germanium is complex, expensive, and only profitable in China. This explains why, despite its not-so-scarce occurrences, it falls under the category of critical supply metals.

Prerequisite for the "Seeing" Car

<ul>
<li>Glass fiber cables</li>
<li>Infrared optics</li>
<li>Polymerization catalysts</li>
<li>Electronic components and solar cells</li>
<li>Medical sector</li>
</ul>

Main Applications of Germanium

Germanium Einsatzgebiet

As supply chains recover, the expansion of 4G, 5G, and possibly 6G is progressing rapidly. Germanium is not only used for glass fiber cables but is also an important &ldquo;defense metal&rdquo; for defense applications. With price reductions, there are excellent investment opportunities for at least 8 to 10 years.

Price Trend

Did you know that Germanium plays a crucial role in the development of autonomous driving?

Germanium - Noble BC

Hafnium

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Facts about Hafnium

The fastest jets are often subjected to extreme heat, which is why many manufacturers rely on special materials: hafnium alloys. With a melting point of 3,958 degrees Celsius, it is the top performer among our technology metals. However, hafnium is also used in medicine: when introduced into cancer cells, it makes them more susceptible to radiation.
Hafnium is obtained from zirconium ore. However, production has been stagnant for some time and even slightly declining since 2018. The decreasing stock levels are expected to lead to higher future demand for hafnium.

Metallic Helper in Cosmos and Body

<ul>
<li>Superalloys</li>
<li>Plasma cutting tips</li>
<li>Hafnium oxide for optical applications</li>
<li>Chemical vapor deposition</li>
<li>Nuclear technology</li>
<li>Catalysts</li>
<li>Electronics</li>
<li>Catalytic converters</li>
<li>Application in cancer therapy</li>
</ul>

Main Applications of Hafnium

Hafnium Katalysator

The slump in aviation during the pandemic led to a low hafnium price, which is now starting to correct. Supply chains are recovering, and more flights are being booked again. Hafnium is still needed for heat-resistant alloys, making price dips good buying opportunities for the next 8 to 10 years.

Did you know that Hafnium is also used in medicine?

Hafnium - Noble BC

Factsheet

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Dysprosiumoxid

Dysprosium Oxide

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Facts about Dysprosium oxide

The name &ldquo;Dysprosium&rdquo; comes from Greek and means &ldquo;hard to get.&rdquo; This designation is quite accurate: Dysprosium oxide only occurs together with other lanthanides, and it must undergo complex separation processes from them. Subsequently, it goes through several chemical processes and refining before obtaining dysprosium oxide in a purity suitable for industrial use. Such efforts lead to scarcity.
Chemically, the bright silvery Dysprosium oxide is very reactive, meaning it is highly reactive. Its unique properties make it suitable for magnets in electric vehicles and power generators. It also plays a role in the production of halogen and energy-saving lamps.

Essential for Electromobility

<ul>
<li>Alloys for permanent magnets</li>
<li>Control rods in nuclear reactors</li>
<li>Laser technology</li>
<li>Halogen and metal vapor lamps</li>
</ul>

Main Applications and Price Development

Dysprosium Oxide - Noble BC

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Gadoliniumoxid

Gadolinium Oxide

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Facts about Gadolinium oxide

This odorless white solid was first produced in 1886 from the rare mineral samarskite. Today, gadolinium oxide is mainly obtained from rare earth minerals like xenotime. Its proportion in the continental crust is about 6.2 parts per million (ppm = mg per kg).
The industry uses gadolinium oxide as a basic element for phosphors, high refractive index optical glasses, and control rods in nuclear reactors. It is also used in medicine as a contrast agent for MRI scans. As a component of gadolinium gallium garnet, this rare earth is also essential for computer data storage.

Making Things Shine - Gadolinium Oxide

<ul>
<li>Microwave applications</li>
<li>Radar technology</li>
<li>Contrast agent in magnetic resonance imaging</li>
<li>Optomagnetic data storage</li>
<li>Cooling devices</li>
<li>X-ray technology</li>
</ul>

Gadolinium Oxide - Noble BC

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Neodymoxid

Neodymium Oxide

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Facts about Neodymium oxide

This blue powder in oxide form is one of the main components of neodymium iron boron magnets, which are currently among the strongest permanent magnets used, among others, in wind turbines. As the expansion of wind energy progresses, the demand for neodymium oxide also rises.
Neodymium oxide is present throughout the Earth&rsquo;s crust. It is extracted from bastnaesite and monazite ores in China and Malaysia. The largest deposits are currently found in China, Australia, the CIS countries, and Brazil.

Foundation for an Ecological Turnaround - Neodymium Oxide

<ul>
<li>High-performance magnets</li>
<li>Pigments for enamel and porcelain</li>
<li>UV-absorbing glasses</li>
<li>Laser technology</li>
<li>Permanent magnets</li>
</ul>

Neodymium Oxide - Noble BC

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Scandiumoxid

Scandium Oxide

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Facts about Scandium oxide

Scandium oxide is used wherever particularly hard and light alloys are required. It is used in the construction of lightweight cars, bicycles, and aviation. An alloy of aluminum and scandium oxide &ldquo;lightens&rdquo; aircraft by 15 to 20 percent compared to typical models. Those who frequent football stadiums are already familiar with another effect of scandium oxide: its ability to &ldquo;shine&rdquo; (in floodlights).
Lastly, scandium does something for the environment too &ndash; solid oxide fuel cells with this rare earth reduce the CO2 footprint in power supply. In its basic form, scandium oxide is a soft, silvery-white lightweight metal. It is usually found as a byproduct during the processing of uranium-containing ores or other rare earths. The current sources are China, Ukraine, and Russia. Scandium oxide can also be found on the seabed of the Arctic Ocean &ndash; a possible source of the future.

For a Future Energy Form - Scandium Oxide

<ul>
<li>Floodlight systems</li>
<li>Alloys for aircraft and lightweight cars</li>
<li>Solid oxide fuel cells</li>
<li>Laser cutting tools</li>
<li>Magnetic data storage</li>
<li>PC and TV screens</li>
</ul>

Scandium Oxide - Noble BC